Any substance that can be consumed and provides nutrition to living beings for growth and development is described as food. It is a complex structure composed of carbohydrates-immediate sources of energy for our body, proteins- building blocks and damage repairers of our body, fats- the protective covering of our body and vitamins and minerals.
What are the types of food?
The food and agricultural organization and world health organization classify food into nineteen types- Cereals, pulses, roots, eggs, meat, milk, fish, veggies, fruits, nuts, oils, sugars, insects, beverages, seasoning, food enhancers, savory, fusion, and nutritional foods. It can also be classified based on its source- vegetarian who is derived from plants and non-vegetarian derived from animals.
Cuisine
A Cuisine is a specific way of food preparation. It is based on region, culture, ingredients, use of spices, and cooking methods. There are various cuisines ranging from Indian, Italian, Japanese, Chinese, and American.
Benefits of eating healthy food
Foods containing a lot of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals are defined as healthy. For example- fruits such as oranges and lemons belonging to the citrus family are rich in vitamin C and help in improving immunity. Green leafy vegetables such as carrots and spinach are good sources of vitamins, minerals, and fiber which help to improve the gut and overall health. Dairy products such as milk and eggs are full of protein and help in growth and development. Other benefits of eating healthy include delayed aging, reduced mental stress, rapid wound healing, and efficient functioning in daily life. Eating healthy not only protects the body from various diseases but also helps to keep the body fit and in shape.
Harmful effects of overeating
Increased food-energy intake and less physical activity or eating excess amounts of fats and sugars can lead to a health condition called obesity. It can be caused by stress Obesity can further result in cardiovascular diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart block which can be fatal. It can also cause different social and mental issues.
Harmful effects of undereating
Inadequate nutrition intake can result in various diseases. It can be caused by psychological diseases or a lack of financial resources. Insufficient protein intake causes malnutrition. Lack of vitamin A causes night blindness whereas lack of vitamin D causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Calcium deficiency in postmenopausal women leads to osteoporosis. Similarly, deprivation of other nutrients supplied by food harms the body.
